Structure | Ear Examination

General Ear Examination Guidelines

  • Otoscope technique:
    • Hold with three fingers
    • Use two fingers to stabilize on the patient’s face
    • Pull ear upwards and backwards
    • Rest two fingers on cheek while examining
    • Right hand can be used for both ears, but left hand is better for left ear
    • For left ear examination:
      • Hold otoscope in left hand
      • Stabilize two fingers on patient’s cheek
      • This provides better stability and prevents trauma if patient moves
  • Tuning fork:
    • Not used in earwax scenarios
  • For children or uncooperative patients:
    • Always stabilize fingers on the cheek to prevent trauma if the patient moves
    • Explanation: “If the patient moves, the whole system will move, preventing potential injury”

Important Points to Remember

  • Antibiotics for otitis media:
    • Don’t give if symptoms are present for less than 5 days
    • Give if otorrhea (ear discharge) is present
  • Paracetamol dosage for children with otitis media:
    • Every 4 hours
    • Not more than 4 doses in 24 hours
  • Earwax treatment:
    • Medicated ear drops (almond or olive oil-based)
    • 3 drops, 2 times a day, for 3 weeks (3-2-3 rule)
  • Sudden hearing loss protocol:
    • Same-day referral for audiometry and ENT if cause is unknown
    • MRI to rule out acoustic neuroma
  • Tympanic membrane perforation:
    • Most heal on their own
    • Refer to ENT specialist for assessment and possible treatment
  • Ear irrigation:
    • Not recommended as first-line treatment for earwax
    • Now done privately, patient needs to pay
    • Risks include perforation and irritation of the ear canal
  • Hearing loss is taken very seriously in the UK healthcare system